Automobile.



PATENTED SEPT 10,1907.

' HYSLIN. AUTOMOBILE. Arrmoumn 'FILEDAPRL. s, 1907.

' WITNESSES lNVE/s/ZOI? EVAN HYSLIN Ar mRA/Ers UNI D STATES AUTOMOBILE.

no. nos-no 1.

To all whom it mciy conccrnr -Be it known that I, EvnnHYsuN, a citizenof the .United-States, residing-al- Kindred, in the county of Cass andState of North Dakota, have invented a new and useful Improvement inAutomobiles of which the following is a specification. I

This invention relates to a supporting steeringor driving gear formotorvehicles, embodying a four who 1' drive in which the power is at alltimes applied equally to all fontwheels, and in which both axles or allfour "wheels are used in steering.

The advantages of the invention are that slipping of the drive wheels onmuddy or sandy roads, or in hill climbing under high power, is preventedto a large extent, as well as skidding or side slipor slipping on sandyroads, or when running on an incline or in making abrupt turns. p r

1 Other advantages with respect to eonstruction and lightness of parts,direct driving, and quick and eflicienqstyering, will be apparent fromthe following deseriptionand the drawings.

In the ccornpanying drawings, Figure l-is horizontal sectional view ofthe gear. Fig. 2 is a side elevation.

Fig. is a section on the line of'Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is an elevation showingthe means for tr'ansniittinglhe power from theTha-n'ge speed mechanismto the drive shaft. Referring specifically to the drawings, A indicatesa longitudinal drive shaft carried in a housing whichextends lengthwiseatithe-middle line of the gear from the from mine rear axle. This shaftis'forrned in two sections connected by a differential gear L properlylocated for a Convenient driving connection with the en gine, and saidshaft has at each e ndfa bevel pinion a which engages a largerbevelgear' disk B which is set in the shai casing R and engages a bevelgear on the outside 'offh differential gear 0 onthe divided sections ofthe drivng axles S. The shaft casing is tubulahas usual, with a casting.or housing R at the middle, of

proper shape and suflicient body to support the gears referred to.

The drive shaft casing 1) forms a reach between the front and rear axlecasings and is provided at each end with a fork d the upper and lowerbranches of which embrace therebetween thehousing R of the axle cas-'ing'which is pivoted therein by pivot studs or tr m nions r fittinginappropriate recesses inthe branches,

- and preferably with ball bearings 0 between the housing and the fork.The housing R is slotted as at-rf where the shaft A passes through, toallow the turn incident to steering, and the slot'is covered byflanges-d which-fit close and cover the. slot in all positions, mak-'ing it dust and oil proof.

In advance of the middle of the reach D is a trapsverse horizontal tubeE, which is preferably integral rotated by means of a wornr wheelGthereon engaged by with the reach, and contains a steering shaft Fwhich is :Speeification of-Letters Patent...- Application filed April 9,1907. senn No. 387,182

Patented S ept. 10, 1907'.

a worni H on the lower end of the steering column which entends upthrough the carriage body to con-. venient position for the driver. Oneach end of the shaft F isa pinion I which pinionsengage racksj'on'thcsteering rodsJ', T, J 'and J which are pivot-ally conneetcd to the axlecasings R at front and rear. On the vright side, as shown, the frontsteering rod 3" engages the pinion 1- above, and the rear rod J engagesthe same helowl On the left side this is reversed, the frortrod J 2engaging the pinion below, and the rear rod J 2 above, so when the shaftF is rotated, the front andrear axles are turned in. opposite directionsand are held at any de-i sired angle to steer the vehicle. I

For transmitting the power froni the motor shaft to the drive shaft, aspro ket K is fixed on the shnftk of the change speed and reversegearand is connected to the outside sprocket of the differential L on thedrive shaft A by means-jot achain which also passes over idle sprocketsM, on each side, 'conn ectc'dand supported by a quadrilateral toggleframeBthe bars of which-are pivotally connected: at the. ends ofthe'shafts of the sprockets K,' L M and M, respectively. By this con;

struction vibration or variation.of the-:vehiclebody with respect .tothe mining geardoes not vary the tensionpf the c hainandthe; pullof thechain sustained bythefraine and not-by the of the vehicle.

The vehicle body '1 maybe supported on elliptical lend springsindicatedat N andrestingj on the fork of the reach at each send, directly overthe'housin'g at the Iniddle of each axle. -.One en l of. the reachcasing D is provided withaswivel P to, allow for distortion or twistingon uneven roads. 1/ as will; be seen, all the -wheelsare drive wheels,and

the direction of travel thereof will be substantially in line with thedirection of travel of the vehicle. Consequentl'y slipping or skiddingwill-be practically-pro vented and the driver have mnch better control"of the vehicle. The foul-drive wheels will give twice as much hold onthe road as two' drive wheels and therefore the whee'lsjwill be muchless'liable to dig dowrn into snowor sand. Also, by applying power totwo axles instead'of to four the s gears is correspondinglyreducedjandthe diameter. of; the wheels may be greatly increased withoutincreasing the strain on the axlesnnd gears and with the advantages 'ofhigher speedand easier riding quality of larger wheels. In consequenceof-th double steering axles the vehicle will readily respond to, thesteeringwheeL 1 since a slight fof the two'airles in opposite directionsenablel he driver tolmake as abru t a turn as I I desired. i

If desired iii vehicles ofhesvyconstruction or "in those designed'tocarry heavy loath, such as trucks and drays, the reach D may be securedrigidly tojthe' rear. axle R and pinion: may engage the differential onthe a'xlesand their G d V ly 'without the interposition of disk B atthis- "'"""2, Tn a running gear lhe romhinatioh wlth sectional rear axleThe rear end of the hody could then he supported on two springs. one oneach side and resting lirertlyon the axle, and the stecringwe effectedby swinging the front, axle alone. In this case the axle.

differentials would both he pieced on the same side of the drivingshaft. v

The quadrilateral frame. I. may of course have two of its sidesadjustable in length in order to provide a suit-- able chain tension.

1. In a running gear. the combination with sectional axles and theircasings, of- :1 tubular reach casing connectlng said casings at themiddle and joined at its ends by vertical pivots therein. a drive shaftextending throngh the reach casing and geared at the ends tothe'axleen'and" steerin connections between lhe axle casings.

axles and their casings. of a tubular reach casingcnnne'ctmg the axlecasingsv at the middle and pivoted thereto by: vertical pivots and adrive slmfl extending through the reach casing and geared at its ends tothe axles, substantially as set forth. v l,

3. In, a running gear, the combination with front and rear axles "andtheir casings, of a tubular reach casing having forks at theendsembracing and pivoted to the a'xle casings, and a drive shaft in saidreach casing and geared at-the endsto the-axles.

4. In a running gear the-combinationwith front and rear axles, a middlereach.extending between "the front and rear axles; a cross shaftintermediate the front and rear axles, means for turning said crossshaft, pinions on the shaft and racks meshing with said pinlousand conncctedwlth the nxles, substantially as set forth.

5. The combination of front and rear axles, a cross shaft between'ti esame and provided with plnions and with a'worm wheel, a shaft having aworm meshing with said worm wheel whereby to turn the cross shaft, androcks meshing with the pinions of the cross shaft 'and connected withthe axles, substantially as set forth. 4O 6. The combination of thebody, its running gear, a drive shaft in the runninggear, a motor shacarried by the body, a drlving h ll and spro kets connecting the someonI motor'shaft and drive shaft, and a, toggle frame within I dlc providedwith horizontol slots, 'a longitudinal reach caslng pivotally connectedat' its ends; to the housings,-

and a drive shatt in said reach caslngand extending at its ends throughthe slots and into the housings, nnd geared to the axles. v 8. In arunning gear the combination with front and rear axles and casings"thcrefor, of a driv shaft extending between the front and rear axlesand geared therewith and a reach casing .incloslng the drive shaft andforked at its ends for connection with the'axle casings, substantiallyassctforth.

9: The combination of front and rcar'axles and casings, a reach at themiddle pivotally connected at its ends to said casings, a cross shaftand means to turn the same, and connections between said cross shaft andthe axles, to turn the some oppositely.

10. The combination of front and rear axles and casings, a-reach at 'themiddlepivothlly connected at its ends to the casings, a cross shafthaving means to-rotate the same,

and pinions at its ends, and rack bars engaging opposite sides of the.pinions and connected to the axle casings respectively.

shaft geared thereto, of a motor shaft, belt and. sprocket gearingbetween the sllaft 8, 0pposite idlers between the sprockets, and aquadrilateral fi'ame pivotally connecting to the shafts and axles of the-ldlrs and supporting the latter in tension u'gainst the beltirrespective" of variation in distance between the sha'fimg. h l

12. The combination withj a springsnpported vehicle body had itsrunningtgear, of n drive-shaft extending lengthwise in the running gear,a motor shaft on the hodpgfa di'ivlngbelt andzsprockets connecting theshafts and means to maintainthe tension of the positions of thebody'wlth respect to the runnlng genr. I i "EVAN nrsmn. Witnesses: to

I .1011): O'r l'ls, Max-H. S gnnnnow,"

belt in all .70 ii. The. combinatldn of'an axle, and a longitudinaldrive

